Under heating flaming, incineration, boiling in water, tindalization, dry heat. These methods inactivate and kill microorganisms in objects like glass, metals. Boiling in water for 15min inactivates viruses and kills most vegetative bacteria.

However it has no effect on the spores. Tindilization means boiling for 20 minutes and then cooling, again re-boiling and cooling for three times. This method is more effective on sporulating bacteria than just boiling. Dry heat method can be used on powders and items that bear very high them of heat.

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