EP additives are used under highly loaded conditions to prevent welding. There are two types, sulfur based (DMTD derivatives, sulfurized olefins, sulfurized fats and oils and dithiocarbamates) and molybdenum based (dithiocarbamates, dithiophosphates).
Typical EP additives contain sulfur compounds, molybdenum derivatives and chlorine compounds. The key feature between the different types is the activation temperature. Selection depends on the reactivity in an application.
Using a highly reactive substance may result in corrosion, so it is important to balance corrosion and high concentrations against maximizing the EP additive’s effect. Chlorinated structures are the least reactive, followed by phosphorous compounds. Sulfur compounds have the highest reactivity
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